{"id":9298,"date":"2025-10-24T12:04:56","date_gmt":"2025-10-24T12:04:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/biblica.sk\/archive\/stbisl-14-1-2022\/sbsbqvm9296-2\/"},"modified":"2026-03-24T09:01:53","modified_gmt":"2026-03-24T09:01:53","slug":"sbsbqvm9296","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/biblica.sk\/en\/archive\/stbisl-14-1-2022\/sbsbqvm9296\/","title":{"rendered":"Francesco PIAZZOLLA: Balaam and Jezebel in Revelation: The Re-reading of OT Figures?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"9298\" class=\"elementor elementor-9298\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9e8c76a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9e8c76a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4776d2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-breadcrumbs\" data-id=\"4776d2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-breadcrumbs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"eael-breadcrumbs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"eael-breadcrumbs__content\"><a href=\"https:\/\/biblica.sk\/en\/\">Domov<\/a> <span class=\"eael-breadcrumb-separator\">|<\/span> <span class = \"eael-current\">Page<\/span><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d3ea3e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9d3ea3e\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-01d8fe4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"01d8fe4\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55c29ec e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"55c29ec\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68ef74a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"68ef74a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/biblica.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/StBiSl-14-01-2022-komplet.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biblica.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/StBiSl-Rocnik-14-cislo-1-2022-rejiwq1sse8wu447sl2sgebxzjt3gv5ptcukzsgtbm.png\" title=\"StBiSl, Ro\u010dn\u00edk 14, \u010d\u00edslo 1, 2022\" alt=\"StBiSl, Ro\u010dn\u00edk 14, \u010d\u00edslo 1, 2022\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4a85f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b4a85f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Volume 14, Issue 1, 2022<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6708298 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6708298\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>ISSN 1338-0141 | e-ISSN 2644-4879<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-173e773 elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"173e773\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/biblica.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/StBiSl-14-01-2022-komplet.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">VIEW FULL ISSUE<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41ffc80 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"41ffc80\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e053e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e053e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>ARTICLE<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7da120d elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"7da120d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ebe5ffd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ebe5ffd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Balaam and Jezebel in Revelation: The Re-reading of OT Figures?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-042bd7f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"042bd7f\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c84b3e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c84b3e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Francesco PIAZZOLLA<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b49564 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3b49564\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0890-7374\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/biblica.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/orcid-logo-rejiwqzk6d3tlsnzbs6vhoc75o47y8t942ore8n5xk.png\" title=\"orcid logo\" alt=\"orcid logo\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1de0cf0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1de0cf0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>volume 14, issue 1, 2022, pages 92-114<\/em><\/p><p><strong>DOI:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/biblica.sk\/archiv\/stbisl-14-1-2022\/sbsbqvm9296\/\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">https:\/\/doi.<\/span><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">org\/<span data-sheets-root=\"1\">10.64438\/sbsBQVM9296<\/span><\/span><\/a><br \/><strong>Published online: <\/strong>2022-06-01<br \/><strong>Published in print: <\/strong>2022-06-30<\/p><p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> This article examines the characters of Balaam and Jezebel in the context of the Churches of Pergamum (Rev 2:12-17) and Thyatira (vv. 18-28). Resorting to the technique of irony, John describes two anonymous teachers in their respective local communities, and criticises them for their compromises with Hellenistic culture. These characters are a mirror reading of the local milieu and an attempt to reconcile Christian values with cultural instances. Their critic shows the danger of promiscuity and syncretism, which comes from their religious endeavours. By resorting to the OT figures to present his adversaries, the author offers an example of constant elements, through which every community has some criteria to distinguish the authentic character of prophecy.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-526b0e4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"526b0e4\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6e1072 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e6e1072\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14d0070 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"14d0070\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Keywords:<\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eb72247 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"eb72247\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"article-keywords\">\r\n  <div class=\"kw-inline\">Balaam in Revelation, Jezebel in Revelation, prostitution, false prophecy, meat\r\nsacrified to idols<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<style>\r\n  .article-keywords {\r\n    margin-top: 0.5rem; \/* odstup pod nadpisom *\/\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  .kw-inline {\r\n    font-size: 14px;\r\n    line-height: 1.6;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  .kw-inline a {\r\n    color: #a73a2d;\r\n    text-decoration: none;\r\n  }\r\n\r\n  .kw-inline a:hover {\r\n    text-decoration: underline;\r\n  }\r\n<\/style>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n  \/\/ z\u00e1klad pre vyh\u013ead\u00e1vanie (uprav, ak m\u00e1\u0161 in\u00fd tvar URL)\r\n  var SEARCH_BASE = '\/?s=';\r\n\r\n  document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function(){\r\n    document.querySelectorAll('.kw-inline').forEach(function(el){\r\n      var raw = (el.textContent || '').trim();\r\n      if(!raw) return;\r\n\r\n      var terms = raw.split(',').map(function(s){ return s.trim(); }).filter(Boolean);\r\n\r\n      el.textContent = '';\r\n      terms.forEach(function(term, idx){\r\n        var a = document.createElement('a');\r\n        a.href = SEARCH_BASE + encodeURIComponent(term);\r\n        a.textContent = term;\r\n        a.rel = 'nofollow';\r\n        el.appendChild(a);\r\n\r\n        if(idx < terms.length - 1){\r\n          el.appendChild(document.createTextNode(', '));\r\n        }\r\n      });\r\n    });\r\n  });\r\n<\/script>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-644e23b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"644e23b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe8e6b9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"fe8e6b9\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ec5a50 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"1ec5a50\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"article\"\r\n    data-title=\"Balaam and Jezebel in Revelation: The Re-reading of OT Figures?\"\r\n    data-author=\"Francesco Piazzolla\"\r\n    data-year=\"2022\"\r\n    data-journal=\"Studia Biblica Slovaca\"\r\n    data-journal-abbrev=\"StBiSl\"\r\n    data-issn=\"1338-0141\"\r\n    data-volume=\"14\"\r\n    data-issue=\"1\" data-pages=\"92-114\"\r\n    data-doi=\"10.64438\/sbsBQVM9296\"\r\n    data-url=\"https:\/\/biblica.sk\/archiv\/stbisl-14-1-2022\/sbsbqvm9296\/\">\r\n  <button class=\"cite-button\" style=\"padding: 15px 35px; 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